{"id":443,"date":"2023-04-09T14:08:37","date_gmt":"2023-04-09T14:08:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tingriley.com\/?p=443"},"modified":"2023-04-10T12:11:45","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T12:11:45","slug":"why-you-cannot-read-fluently","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tingriley.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/09\/why-you-cannot-read-fluently\/","title":{"rendered":"\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f60\u4e0d\u8a72\u8b80\u539f\u6587\u66f8\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f15\u9b06\u8b80\u61c2\u5916\u6587\u66f8\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8a5e\u5f59<\/strong>\u662f\u8a55\u4f30\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6a19\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u6703\u591a\u5c11\u5b57(\u8a5e)\u624d\u80fd\u8b80\u61c2\u4e00\u822c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u5462\uff1f
\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u6703\u5f15\u7528\u77e5\u540d\u5b78\u8005Paul Nation\u7684\u7814\u7a76
5000<\/strong> words allow you to understand about 98% of most ordinary texts<\/strong> (Nation (1990) and Laufer (1997)).
\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u66f8\u7c4d\u3002\u4f46Nation\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u5982\u679c\u662f\u539f\u6587\u7d20\u6750(\u7d66\u4e00\u822c\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u770b\u7684\u6750\u6599)\uff0c\u5247\u9700\u89818000~9000\u5b57\u3002
If 98% coverage of a text is needed for unassisted comprehension, then a 8,000 to 9,000 <\/strong>word-family vocabulary is needed for comprehension of written text. (Nation (2006))

\u6839\u64da\u9ad8\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8ab2\u7db1\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u53ea\u67094500~7000\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u7d04\u53ea\u67035000~6000\u5b57\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u8ddd\u96e28000\u4ecd\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u6839\u64da\u655d\u4eba\u8077\u5834\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u82f1\u6587\u8a5e\u5f59\u5927\u7d046000\u5b57\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u5546\u52d9\u9762\u4f86\u8aaa\u9019\u5df2\u7d93\u8db3\u5920\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82e5\u8981\u8b80\u539f\u6587\u6750\u6599\u4ecd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5403\u529b\u7684\u3002

\u6703\u9020\u6210\u9019\u4e9b\u73fe\u8c61\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u539f\u56e0

1. \u9ad8\u4f30\u81ea\u8eab\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u9019\u662f\u5b78\u7fd2\u5916\u8a9e\u7684\u4eba\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u773c\u9ad8\u624b\u4f4e\u3002\u4f9d\u64da\u6b50\u76dfCEFR<\/a>\u6aa2\u5b9a\u7d1a\u5225\uff0c\u8981\u9054C1\/C2(\u9ad8\u968e)\u5927\u7d04\u9700\u89818000\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u55ae\u7528\u67038000\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7576\u4f5c\u5916\u8a9e\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u4f46\u518d\u5c0d\u7167\u5230Nation\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c13~17\u6b72\u82f1\u6587\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u5e73\u5747\u8a5e\u5f59\u91cf\u662f17,000\u5b57\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u52308000\u5b57\u624d\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4e2d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u67038000\u5b57\u7684\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u9023\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u7684\u5c0f\u5b78\u751f\u9084\u4e0d\u5982\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7576\u7136\u8b80\u8d77\u539f\u6587\u66f8\u4e0d\u80fd\u9806\u66a2\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e5f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u65e5\u6587\uff0c\u6703\u4e00\u842c\u5b57\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u8db3\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u65e5\u6587\u6700\u9ad8\u7d1a\u6aa2\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u91cf\u5927\u7d04\u53ea\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u5c0f\u5b78\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u7576\u7136\u8b80\u8d77\u539f\u6587\u66f8\u4f9d\u820a\u5403\u529b\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u7db2\u53cb\u66f4\u7280\u5229\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5916\u8a9e\u8a5e\u5f59\u6839\u672c\u9023\u5b78\u9f61\u524d\u5c0f\u5b69\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u8a0e\u8ad6\u74b0\u4fdd\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u90a3\u7576\u7136\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u4e5f\u5410\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u8aaa\u5230\u5b78\u9f61\u524d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u8a87\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u662f3000\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002

2. \u9ad8\u4f30\u81ea\u8eab\u95b1\u8b80\u901f\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u6c92\u53d7\u904e\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\uff0c\u95b1\u8b80\u901f\u5ea6\u662f300\u5b57\/\u5206\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u975e\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u6211\u5011\u95b1\u8b80\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u5462\uff1f\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u82f1\u6587\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u5f37\u4e86\u9084\u662f\u81f3\u5c11\u4e09\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u655d\u4eba\u66fe\u8207\u6211\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u5be6\u6e2c\uff0c\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u6211\u7684\u56db\u500d\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u8b80\u5f97\u61c2\u4e0d\u7b49\u65bc\u8f15\u9b06\u8b80\u61c2<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u5728\u624b\u6a5f\u6ed1FB\u5ee2\u6587\u6216\u7db2\u8def\u6587\u7ae0\u6642\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u7528\u5230\u5169\u500b\u901f\u8b80\u6280\u5de7skim(\u7565\u8b80)\uff06scan(\u6383\u8b80)\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u4f55\u5728\u975e\u6bcd\u8a9e\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u6211\u5011\u7528\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff1f\u9084\u662f\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u8a5e\u5f59\u91cf\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c8000\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6db5\u84cb\u7387\u662f98%\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6bcf100\u500b\u5b57\u5c31\u6709\u5169\u500b\u5b57\u4e0d\u6703\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7576\u7136\u5feb\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6587\u8a00\u6587\u4f86\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u591a\u6578\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4eba\u58eb\u8b80\u6587\u8a00\u6587\u4f9d\u820a\u5f88\u5403\u529b\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u80fd\u61c2\u6587\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7565\u8b80\u6216\u6383\u8b80\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6587\u8a00\u6587\u548c\u767d\u8a71\u6587\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u95dc\u4fc2\/\u8a9e\u6cd5\/\u8a9e\u5e8f\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u638c\u63e1\u3002\u6bcf\u8b80\u5e7e\u5341\u500b\u5b57\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u90a3\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u5feb\u5f97\u8d77\u4f86\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff1aEF \u82f1\u8a9e\u80fd\u529b\u6307\u6a19<\/a>\u662f\u6839\u64da\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u6210\u4eba\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u82f1\u8a9e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c0d\u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u500b\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u975e\u6bcd\u8a9e\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u82f1\u8a9e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u80fd\u529b\u9032\u884c\u6392\u540d\u3002\u5f9e\u4e0b\u5716\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u9054\u5230very high proficiency\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u70ba\u5b98\u65b9\u8a9e\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8a9e\u7cfb\u7684\u570b\u5bb6(\u82f1\u6587\u662f\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8a9e\u7cfb)\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6578\u5e7e\u570b\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u62c9\u4e01\u8a9e\u7cfb\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u81f3\u5c11\u90fd\u6709\u9054\u5230high proficiency\u3002\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u96e3\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6bcd\u8a9e\u5c0d\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u88ab\u95dc\u9589\u7684\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u9054\u5230\u5230\u7cbe\u901a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u82f1\u6587\u6216\u9ad8\u968e\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8a5e\u5f59\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6bcd\u8a9e\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u8a9e\u7cfb\u7684\u4eba\u95b1\u8b80\u5b78\u8853\u82f1\u6587\u64c1\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u512a\u52e2\u3002\u66fe\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u8ad6\u58c7\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u4eba\u5373\u4f7f\u82f1\u6587\u666e\u666e\u901a\u901a\u4ed6\u5011\u8b80\u8d77\u8ad6\u6587\u4f86\u4f9d\u820a\u6bd4\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u5fc3\u61c9\u624b\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65e5\u6587\u4f86\u985e\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u6703\u65e5\u6587\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5df2\u7d93\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u53ea\u8b80\u6f22\u5b57\u4e86\u89e350%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u500b\u719f\u7a14\u65e5\u6587\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u6703\u7684\u6f22\u5b57\u4e5f\u6bd4\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u591a\uff0c\u9019\u548c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u4eba\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u6bcd\u8a9e\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5c0f\u89b7\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EF_English_Proficiency_Index<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0f\u7d50\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f60\u4e0d\u8a72\u8b80\u539f\u6587\u66f8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. \u4f60\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u6c92\u6709\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u7684\u90a3\u9ebc\u597d<\/li>
  2. \u4f60\u6bd4\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u6162\u4e09\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9084\u4e0d\u81ea\u77e5<\/li>
  3. \u4f60\u7684\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4e0d\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u6216\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8a9e\u7cfb<\/li>
  4. \u57fa\u65bc\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u500b\u7406\u7531\u6211\u5be6\u5728\u60f3\u4e0d\u51fa\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7406\u7531\u8981\u82b1\u4e09\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5b78\u7fd2\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u8aaa\u4f86\u6709\u9ede\u8af7\u523a\uff0c\u6211\u5b78\u7fd2\u5fb7\u6587\u7d04\u5169\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u67d0\u5929\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u500b\u958b\u95dc\u88ab\u6253\u958b\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u770b\u82f1\u6587\u975e\u5e38\u9806\u66a2\u6d41\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u770b\u4e2d\u6587\u4e00\u6a23\u6383\u8b80\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8a5e\u5f59\u91cf\u5df2\u7d93\u5b78\u5920\u4e86\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u662f\u5b78\u5fb7\u6587\u5f8c\u624d\u9054\u5230\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u82f1\u6587\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u62c9\u4e01\u53ca\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8a9e\u8a5e\u5f59\uff0c\u5f9e\u5b78\u5fb7\u6587\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u610f\u5916\u88dc\u5145\u4e0d\u5c11\u8a5e\u5f59\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u5c31\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c64\u6a13\u3002\u4f46\u56de\u5230\u73fe\u5be6\u9762\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f60\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u8a72\u8b80\u539f\u6587\u66f8\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u5b78\u67038000~10000\u5b57\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u9700\u82b1\u8cbb\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8d85\u4e4e\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u3002

    \u4e0d\u8ad6\u9078\u64c7\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f5c\u70ba\u901a\u7528\u8a9e(lingua franca)\u90fd\u6703\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u300c\u5716\u5229\u300d\u7279\u5b9a\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u4f5c\u70ba\u901a\u7528\u8a9e\u7684\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u6bcd\u8a9e\u8005\u64c1\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u52a3\u52e2\u3002\u4f46\u6015\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u52a3\u52e2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u77ed\u8655\u53cd\u800c\u8a66\u5716\u4ee5\u6700\u4e0d\u64c5\u9577\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u4eba\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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